Marxism

Marxism is the economic system that structures society.  A German philosopher and historian Karl Marx develop the concept of Marxism. He developed theory to interpret the human society. He said that the human history is the history of class struggle. According to him our society is divided into two.

The bourgeoisie: they are the class in society who control the world’s natural, economic, and the human resources.

The proletariat: they are class in society who perform the manual labor and live in the substandard condition.

There is regular conflict between these two classes. The theory of Karl Marx divided the society into two classes directly in conflict between each other.

                                Literature is a product of the society. So, inherent class struggle is embedded in the literature. Marxist criticism is the method like other critical theories to interpret the text.  It also interprets the society. There are some fundamental premises of Marxism. The fundamental premises mean the basic principles of Marxism. Marxist believes in the concept economic situation and historical situation of a society. Economic condition refers to the division between two classes and historical condition refers to the struggle between them. Ideology is another Jargon in Marxism. Ideology is a belief system developed by particular theory or religion. For e.g. capitalism, communism, humanism, sexism, Marxism and etc. Marxism divides them into repressive and non-repressive ideologies. It believes that all of them are repressive ideologies except Marxism itself. So, Marxism criticism also analyses the role of ideology. Marxism show that human beings as the commodity in the rule of bourgeoisies. It shows that human beings are compared with the commodities for their use value, exchange value or sign-exchange value. These are the processes of the commodification. All these concept are collectively called Marxism.